Filename extension | .app, .framework, .kext, .plugin, .docset, .xpc, .qlgenerator, .component, .saver, .mdimporter, etc. |
---|---|
Uniform Type Identifier (UTI) | com.apple.bundle |
Container for | executable binary, metadata, other bundles, any other file needed to run the application. |
In NeXTSTEP, OPENSTEP, GNUstep, and their lineal descendants macOS and iOS, a bundle is a file directory with a defined structure and file extension, allowing related files to be grouped together as a conceptually single item.
It's a really great app, considering it is free. On OS X 10.7.5 though, if the app police app is not closed after the app it is limiting, it somehow causes a reboot of the OS.:/ Hopefully the dev will iron out the bugs before the next release:D Clicking on update within the app, the button just disappears and the about me just sits there! This Is the Police Bundle. 3 Game(s) Item included. This Is the Police. This Is the Police 2. Rebel Cops. More Details Add to Cart. The Humble Selection bundle for April 2020 has been formally printed, bringing subscribers a fair mixture of indie hits and Triple A lag. This month's bundle headliner is Hitman 2, IO Interactive's swish sequel to the Hitman 2016 reboot.
Examples of bundles that contain executable code include applications, frameworks, and plugins. This kind of bundle usually contains one file representing executable code, and files that represent resources such as nibs, templates, images, sounds, and other media. On some other systems, such as Microsoft Windows, these resources are usually included directly in the executable file itself at compile time. On older Macintoshes, a similar technique is used, where additional metadata can be added to a file's resource fork. Similar in concept are the application directories used in RISC OS and on the ROX Desktop.
Examples of bundles that do not contain executable code include document packages (iWork documents) and media libraries (iPhoto Library).
Bundles are programmatically accessed with the NSBundle
class in Cocoa, NeXTSTEP and GNUstep's Foundation frameworks, and with CFBundle
in Core Foundation. Bundles often include an Info.plist file for metadata.[1] The Uniform Type Identifier (UTI) for an Apple bundle is com.apple.bundle
.[2]
Application bundles[edit]
Filename extension | |
---|---|
Uniform Type Identifier (UTI) | com.apple.application-bundle |
Type of format | application software |
Container for | executable binary |
Extended from | Bundle |
Application bundles are directory hierarchies, with the top-level directory having a name that ends with a .app
extension. In an application bundle, the first directory in the bundle underneath the top-level directory is usually named Contents
. Within Contents
there is usually another directory (called MacOS
on Macs), which contains the application's executable code. Within the Contents
folder there is usually also a directory called Resources
, which contains the resources of the application.
Among other things, the Resources
folder contains localized versions of the application's nib files.
Other common subdirectories include Plugins
, Frameworks
, and Shared Frameworks
. The Frameworks
directory contains frameworks used by the application, and are used even if another version of the framework exists on the system. The Shared Frameworks
directory contains frameworks that can be used both by the application that contains them, and other applications; they are used only if a newer version does not exist elsewhere on the system. Plugins
contains extensible code used by the application.
By default, the Finder displays application bundles, which can also be referred to as packages, as opaque files with no underlying structure; the contents of the bundle can be shown with the 'Show Package Contents' context menu item. Nine inch nails the downward spiral 320 rar.
GNUstep by default uses the name of the application to name the folder that contains application code. An alternative is to name them by the computer architecture and OS the code is intended for to form a fat binary, so the application can be opened on many platforms.[3][4]
macOS framework bundles[edit]
Filename extension | .framework |
---|---|
Uniform Type Identifier (UTI) | com.apple.framework |
Extended from | bundle |
macOS frameworks are also stored as bundles;[5] the top-level directory of a framework bundle has a name that is the name of the framework followed by the extension .framework
. In the top-level directory is a Versions
directory, with subdirectories for one or more versions of the framework, each subdirectory containing the dynamic library code for the framework, in a file whose name is the same as the name of the framework, possibly with a Headers
folder containing header files for the framework, and other subfolders such as Resources
. The Versions
directory also contains a symbolic link Current
to the directory for the current version of the framework. In the top-level directory are symbolic links to the contents of Versions/Current
.[6]
The Finder displays framework bundles as directories rather than as opaque files.
Although GNUstep uses frameworks, they are not usually stored as bundles. This is because the full semantics of framework loading are considered too alien to other platforms.[7]
Loadable bundles[edit]
Loadable bundles are bundles which contain code that can be loaded at runtime.[8] Loadable bundles usually have the extension .bundle
, and are most often used as plug-ins. On macOS, there is a way to load bundles even into applications that do not support them, allowing for third party hacks for popular applications, such as Safari[9] and Apple Mail.[10][11] A feature inherited from NeXTSTEP, GNUstep has the -[NSBundle principalClass]
interface too.
By default, the Finder displays loadable bundles, which can also be referred to as packages, as opaque files with no underlying structure; the contents of the bundle can be shown with the 'Show Package Contents' context menu item.
777 CBT (Computer Based Training) - Airplane Familiarization Anson Aviation Production Flight Simulations/ Aircraft Spotting Photos& Videos Please LIKE+SHARE. 777 cbt manual 2017.
Other bundle formats[edit]
There are many third-party macOS applications which utilize their own custom bundle format (e.g. CandyBar.iContainer
, Aperture.aplibrary
, VMware Fusion.vmwarevm
, etc.).
.lproj[edit]
An .lproj file is a bundle that contains localization files for OpenStep, macOS, or GNUstep software. It typically contains the .nib
files for a given language along with .strings
files and images if needed (for example, ReadMe or license files). These localized files are used by installer makers to customize install packages. They are also included in an application bundle.
See also[edit]
What Is This Mac Address
- Application Directory — the RISC OS analogue to an application bundle
- AppImage — A Linux application that makes use of similar principles
References[edit]
- ^'Information Property List - Bundle Resources'. Apple Developer Documentation.
- ^'System-Declared Uniform Type Identifiers'. Uniform Type Identifiers Reference. Apple Inc. Retrieved 2012-06-10.
- ^'PackagingDrafts/GNUstep'. Fedora Project Wiki.
- ^'gnustep/tools-make: README.Packaging'. GitHub.
- ^'Framework'. developer.apple.com. Retrieved 2020-10-06.
- ^'Anatomy of Framework Bundles'. Apple Inc. Retrieved 2011-09-03.
- ^'User FAQ'. GNUstep.
- ^Code Loading Programming Topics for Cocoa: About Loadable Bundles
- ^'Pimp My Safari: plugins'. Archived from the original on 2007-10-31.
- ^'Apple Mail plug-ins and tools'.
- ^'Hawk Wings — Plug-ins for Apple Mail'. Archived from the original on 2007-08-31.
External links[edit]
- Bundle Programming Guide at Apple Developer Connection
- NSBundle documentation from the GNUstep project
- Platypus — a tool to create application bundles around scripts
Other common subdirectories include Plugins
, Frameworks
, and Shared Frameworks
. The Frameworks
directory contains frameworks used by the application, and are used even if another version of the framework exists on the system. The Shared Frameworks
directory contains frameworks that can be used both by the application that contains them, and other applications; they are used only if a newer version does not exist elsewhere on the system. Plugins
contains extensible code used by the application.
By default, the Finder displays application bundles, which can also be referred to as packages, as opaque files with no underlying structure; the contents of the bundle can be shown with the 'Show Package Contents' context menu item. Nine inch nails the downward spiral 320 rar.
GNUstep by default uses the name of the application to name the folder that contains application code. An alternative is to name them by the computer architecture and OS the code is intended for to form a fat binary, so the application can be opened on many platforms.[3][4]
macOS framework bundles[edit]
Filename extension | .framework |
---|---|
Uniform Type Identifier (UTI) | com.apple.framework |
Extended from | bundle |
macOS frameworks are also stored as bundles;[5] the top-level directory of a framework bundle has a name that is the name of the framework followed by the extension .framework
. In the top-level directory is a Versions
directory, with subdirectories for one or more versions of the framework, each subdirectory containing the dynamic library code for the framework, in a file whose name is the same as the name of the framework, possibly with a Headers
folder containing header files for the framework, and other subfolders such as Resources
. The Versions
directory also contains a symbolic link Current
to the directory for the current version of the framework. In the top-level directory are symbolic links to the contents of Versions/Current
.[6]
The Finder displays framework bundles as directories rather than as opaque files.
Although GNUstep uses frameworks, they are not usually stored as bundles. This is because the full semantics of framework loading are considered too alien to other platforms.[7]
Loadable bundles[edit]
Loadable bundles are bundles which contain code that can be loaded at runtime.[8] Loadable bundles usually have the extension .bundle
, and are most often used as plug-ins. On macOS, there is a way to load bundles even into applications that do not support them, allowing for third party hacks for popular applications, such as Safari[9] and Apple Mail.[10][11] A feature inherited from NeXTSTEP, GNUstep has the -[NSBundle principalClass]
interface too.
By default, the Finder displays loadable bundles, which can also be referred to as packages, as opaque files with no underlying structure; the contents of the bundle can be shown with the 'Show Package Contents' context menu item.
777 CBT (Computer Based Training) - Airplane Familiarization Anson Aviation Production Flight Simulations/ Aircraft Spotting Photos& Videos Please LIKE+SHARE. 777 cbt manual 2017.
Other bundle formats[edit]
There are many third-party macOS applications which utilize their own custom bundle format (e.g. CandyBar.iContainer
, Aperture.aplibrary
, VMware Fusion.vmwarevm
, etc.).
.lproj[edit]
An .lproj file is a bundle that contains localization files for OpenStep, macOS, or GNUstep software. It typically contains the .nib
files for a given language along with .strings
files and images if needed (for example, ReadMe or license files). These localized files are used by installer makers to customize install packages. They are also included in an application bundle.
See also[edit]
What Is This Mac Address
- Application Directory — the RISC OS analogue to an application bundle
- AppImage — A Linux application that makes use of similar principles
References[edit]
- ^'Information Property List - Bundle Resources'. Apple Developer Documentation.
- ^'System-Declared Uniform Type Identifiers'. Uniform Type Identifiers Reference. Apple Inc. Retrieved 2012-06-10.
- ^'PackagingDrafts/GNUstep'. Fedora Project Wiki.
- ^'gnustep/tools-make: README.Packaging'. GitHub.
- ^'Framework'. developer.apple.com. Retrieved 2020-10-06.
- ^'Anatomy of Framework Bundles'. Apple Inc. Retrieved 2011-09-03.
- ^'User FAQ'. GNUstep.
- ^Code Loading Programming Topics for Cocoa: About Loadable Bundles
- ^'Pimp My Safari: plugins'. Archived from the original on 2007-10-31.
- ^'Apple Mail plug-ins and tools'.
- ^'Hawk Wings — Plug-ins for Apple Mail'. Archived from the original on 2007-08-31.
External links[edit]
- Bundle Programming Guide at Apple Developer Connection
- NSBundle documentation from the GNUstep project
- Platypus — a tool to create application bundles around scripts
Recently I have been looking for ways to work faster, that's why my goal is to reduce the number of applications in my work environment.
The change from a GUI app like Sublime Text to Vim was a horrible experience, that's why i decide to use Powerline and reduce the impact.
This guide will show you how to get vim and powerline up and running in 6 fairly easy steps.
We are going to use Homebrew and Vundler for easy installation purpose.
1. Install dependencies Via Hombrew
Pyton:
Vim:
This Is The Police Bundle For Mac Pro
MacVim:
2. Install Powerline via Vundler
If you want to get more information about the Vundler plug-in manager for Vim check the github repo.
3. Setup Powerline font
One of the more stressful things about setting up powerline is to make it look the way it should. On OSX you have to use prepatched fonts. What I would suggest is to install the font you like via FontBook app that came with Mac OSX system.
you can get the prepatched fonts from powerline-fonts
4. Set .vimrc configuration for Powerline
5. Set configuration for MacVim
You'll need to edit your .vimrc and add the following code for GUI.
This Is The Police Bundle For Mac Os
6. iTerm2 setup
Where Is About This Mac
Finally It's important to change the non-ASCII font for a prepatched one to get powerline working.